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Squaraine

3-hydroxycyclobut-2-en-1-one

FormulaC4H4O2
Mol. weight84.074
PubChem CID11829353
InChIKeyIHXWECHPYNPJRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILESC1C(=CC1=O)O
5,465Patents
215Research papers
438Patents - last 3 years
32Papers - last 3 years

Who owns the IP

The organizations most actively patenting around this compound, ranked by referenced patent volume.

#AssigneePatents
1Kyocera Corp660
2Xerox Holdings Corp315
3Eastman Kodak Co147
4Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc134
5Fujifilm Holdings Corp119
6Carestream Health Inc112
7Konica Minolta Inc83
8Sony Group Corp73
9Roche Holding AG59
10Mallinckrodt PLC50

Explore the full landscape

This preview shows the leading assignees. Cypris reveals the full ownership landscape - every filing entity, filing trends, and portfolio momentum.

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Where innovation is concentrated

Patent classifications ranked by volume reveal the technical domains with the most active filing.

#CodeAreaPatents
1C09B941
2G01NInvestigating / analysing materials897
3G02B754
4H10KOrganic semiconductors / OLEDs635
5G03G577
6A61KMedicinal preparations561
7C07DHeterocyclic compounds543
8Y02EClimate change mitigation: energy533
9G03F527
10C09KMaterials for misc. applications479

AI mapped opportunity space

This preview shows where patent activity concentrates. Cypris maps the full classification landscape to surface technical whitespace and IP headroom.

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Representative patents

The filings that best characterise the patent activity around this compound, most-referenced first.

TitleYearAssigneeCited by
Silylated compositions, and deuterated hydroxyl squaraine compositions and processes1986Xerox Holdings Corp58
Photoconductive imaging members with unsymmetrical squaraine compounds containing an hydroxyl group1986Xerox Holdings Corp45
Squaraine based dyes and process for preparation thereof2002Council of Scientific and Industrial Research34
Electrophotographic elements containing unsymmetrical squaraines1986Xerox Holdings Corp29
Process for synthesizing squaraine compositions1985Xerox Holdings Corp26

How research activity has moved

Papers published per year for this compound, over the last decade of indexed records.

YearPapers
20169
201712
201810
20194
202011
20215
202218
202313
202412
20257

Who's driving the science

The most-published authors working with this compound, alongside their primary affiliations.

#AuthorAffiliationPapers
1Bradley D. SmithUniversity of Notre Dame20
2Yongqian XuNorthwest A&F University13
3Ayyappanpillai AjayaghoshNational Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology10
4Shiguo SunNorthwest A&F University9
5Yi PangUniversity of Akron8
6Nadia BarberoUniversity of Turin7
7Claudia BaroloUniversity of Turin7
8Easwaran ArunkumarUniversity of Notre Dame7
9Renato E. BotoUniversity of Beira Interior6
10Shyam S. PandeyKyushu Institute of Technology5

Research leaders

This preview lists the top authors. Cypris surfaces the full researcher landscape, their affiliations, and how scientific influence is shifting.

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The literature that defines it

The most-cited papers anchoring the scientific record for this compound.

Frequently asked questions

Common questions about this compound's patent and research landscape, answered from the underlying data.

What is the molecular composition of Squaraine?

Squaraine has the molecular formula C4H4O2 with a molecular weight of 84.074. Its canonical IUPAC name is 3-hydroxycyclobut-2-en-1-one, and it is also known by the synonym Squaraine.

Which companies hold the most patents related to Squaraine?

The leading patent assignees for Squaraine compounds are Kyocera Corp with 660 patents, Xerox Holdings Corp with 315 patents, and Eastman Kodak Co with 147 patents. Other significant assignees include Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc and Fujifilm Holdings Corp.

What are the primary research areas covered by Squaraine patents?

The largest patent classifications for Squaraine involve organic dye chemistry (C09B with 941 patents), analytical and measurement methods (G01N with 897 patents), optical instruments and elements (G02B with 754 patents), and organic semiconductors (H10K with 635 patents). Additionally, electrophotography (G03G) and pharmaceutical preparations (A61K) represent significant application areas.

Who are the most active academic researchers publishing on Squaraine?

Leading authors in Squaraine research include Bradley D. Smith from University of Notre Dame with 20 papers, Yongqian Xu from Northwest A&F University with 13 papers, and Ayyappanpillai Ajayaghosh from National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology with 10 papers. Other active researchers include Shiguo Sun and Yi Pang.

What research topics dominate Squaraine scientific literature?

Squaraine research is heavily focused on Molecular Sensors and Ion Detection applications. Notable publications include Far-red to near infrared analyte-responsive fluorescent probes, recent developments in cyanine platforms for chemosensing, and applications as fluoro-chromogenic probes for thiol-containing compounds. Squaraine-derived rotaxanes for fluorescent near-IR dyes represent another active research area.

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